Welsh Populations in the United States

If you're curious about Welsh Populations in the United States, you've come to the right place! Here’s a quick snapshot:

• Pennsylvania: 147,516 individuals (1.14% of the population)
• California: 150,424 individuals
• Ohio: 115,253 individuals (0.98% of the population)
• Utah: Highest percentage at 1.72% (58,953 individuals)

The story of Welsh Populations in the United States is rich and multifaceted, layered with historical migration patterns, cultural imprints, and surprising connections. Unlike their Irish and Scottish counterparts, the Welsh emigrated under distinctive circumstances. Wales didn't endure catastrophic events like the Irish Famine or the Highland Clearances, which drove many to seek refuge across the Atlantic. Instead, early industrialization in Wales created sufficient economic stability, reducing the necessity for mass emigration.

However, there were still significant waves of Welsh migrants, such as the Quakers who settled in Pennsylvania in the 17th century, giving rise to Welsh Tract and influencing the region's cultural landscape. Another notable migration was to the Chubut valley in Patagonia, where a Welsh colony was established. Over time, Welsh communities in the U.S. became more diluted compared to the constant influx of Irish and Scottish immigrants, yet their influence remains evident in place names, cultural festivals, and even prominent Welsh Americans throughout history.

Explore Welsh Settlements in Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania is a key state when it comes to Welsh settlements in the United States. The story begins with William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, who played a crucial role in attracting Welsh settlers to the region.

The Welsh Tract

In the late 17th century, a large group of Welsh Quakers migrated to Pennsylvania. They settled in an area known as the Welsh Tract, which is located just west of Philadelphia. This tract was specifically designated for Welsh settlers by William Penn, who promised them a place where they could govern themselves and maintain their language and customs.

The Welsh Tract became a thriving community. By 1700, Welsh people made up about one-third of Pennsylvania's population, roughly 20,000 people. This area is still rich in Welsh place names, like Bryn Mawr, Bala Cynwyd, and Radnor, reflecting the settlers' origins.

Early Settlers and Cultural Heritage

The early Welsh settlers were not only numerous but also politically active. They elected 9% of the members of the Pennsylvania Provincial Council, which shows their significant influence. Many of these settlers were Quakers, who were seeking religious freedom and a better life.

One notable figure was Rev. Goronwy Owen, an Anglican vicar and celebrated poet from Anglesey, Wales. He emigrated to Williamsburg, Virginia, in 1757 and continued to contribute to Welsh poetry, writing with a sense of hiraeth (homesickness) for his native land. His work inspired future generations and played a role in the revival of the Eisteddfod, a traditional Welsh festival of literature, music, and performance.

Cultural Heritage

The Welsh settlers brought with them a rich cultural heritage that has left a lasting impact on Pennsylvania. They established churches, schools, and community centers that became hubs of Welsh culture. The Gwyneddigion Society, for example, was instrumental in preserving Welsh traditions and promoting cultural events.

Today, the legacy of these early Welsh settlers is still evident. Pennsylvania boasts the largest population of Welsh Americans in the country, with approximately 200,000 people. The state is particularly known for its vibrant Welsh communities in the Western and Northeastern regions, especially in the coal mining areas where many Welsh immigrants found work in the 19th century.

In summary, the Welsh Tract and the early settlers who came to Pennsylvania under William Penn's promise have left an indelible mark on the state's cultural landscape. Their influence can still be felt in the place names, cultural institutions, and community activities that celebrate Welsh heritage.

Next, let's dive into the heart of Welsh communities in Ohio, where "Little Wales" continues to thrive.

Find Welsh Communities in Ohio

Ohio is home to a vibrant Welsh community, especially in the area known as "Little Wales" in Jackson and Gallia counties.

Little Wales and Jackson County

In Jackson County, the Welsh influence is strong. This area is often referred to as "Little Cardiganshire" due to the significant number of Welsh settlers who arrived here. The Madog Center for Welsh Studies at the University of Rio Grande is a testament to the enduring Welsh presence. This center offers a variety of cultural programs and resources aimed at preserving Welsh heritage.

Industrial Migration

Before 1890, Wales was the world's leading producer of tinplate. When the McKinley tariff of 1890 raised duties on tinplate, many Welsh tin workers emigrated to the U.S., particularly to the Pittsburgh region and later to Ohio. These skilled workers brought their expertise and established tight-knit communities. Their influence can still be seen in Ohio’s industrial and cultural landscapes.

Cultural Contributions

Welsh culture in Ohio isn't just a relic of the past. It thrives through various events and organizations. The National Welsh Gymanfa Ganu Association holds the National Festival of Wales annually, featuring seminars, a marketplace for Welsh goods, and traditional Welsh hymn singing gatherings (gymanfa ganu).

As late as 1900, Ohio had 150 Welsh-speaking church congregations. Although the use of the Welsh language has declined, more than 126,000 Ohioans are of Welsh descent today. Communities like Oak Hill, Madison, Franklin, Jackson, Radnor, and Jefferson still have significant Welsh populations.

The Welsh language was commonly spoken in Jackson County until the 1950s. By 2010, about 135 Ohioans still spoke Welsh. This linguistic heritage is a unique cultural contribution that highlights the enduring legacy of Welsh immigrants in Ohio.

Next, we’ll explore the unique Welsh Mormon settlements in Idaho and how religious migration shaped these communities.

Visit Welsh Mormon Settlements in Idaho

Malad City is a fascinating place to explore the impact of Welsh Mormon settlements in Idaho. This small town, located near the Utah border, has a unique history tied to religious migration.

Religious Migration

In the mid-19th century, many Welsh people were converted to Mormonism by missionaries. These new converts were persuaded to emigrate to Utah and surrounding areas to join the growing Mormon community. Malad City was one of the towns established during this period, largely by Welsh settlers. By the mid-nineteenth century, it became known as a Welsh Mormon settlement.

Welsh Mormons

The Welsh Mormons brought their distinct culture, language, and traditions to Idaho. They were known for their strong community bonds and religious devotion. Many of the early settlers were skilled in agriculture and mining, which helped the town thrive.

Community Events

Today, Malad City celebrates its Welsh heritage with several community events. The Malad Valley Welsh Festival is a popular annual event that features traditional Welsh music, dance, and food. This festival is a great way to experience the rich cultural heritage of the Welsh Mormons.

Another notable event is the Gymanfa Ganu, a traditional Welsh hymn-singing festival. This event brings together people from all over to celebrate their Welsh roots through music and community.

Interesting Facts

• Malad City claims to have more people of Welsh descent per capita than anywhere outside Wales, with around 20% of its population having Welsh ancestry.
• The local high school, Malad High School, proudly flies the Welsh flag and its mascot is the "Malad Dragons."

Exploring Malad City offers a unique glimpse into how religious migration shaped the Welsh populations in the United States. The town's rich history and vibrant community events keep the Welsh heritage alive and thriving.

Next, we'll trace Welsh influence in New York, focusing on historical migration and prominent cultural landmarks.

Trace Welsh Influence in New York

New York has a rich history of Welsh influence, particularly in Oneida County and Utica. Let's dive into the key aspects of this historical migration and its lasting impact.

Remsen: The Heart of Welsh New York

Remsen, a small town in Oneida County, became a central hub for Welsh immigrants in the 19th century. The initial settlement began with five Welsh families in the 1790s. By 1855, the Welsh population in Oneida County had grown to over 4,000.

The church played a crucial role in these communities, serving as a cultural and social center. Many Welsh-language newspapers and magazines flourished, keeping the community connected to their heritage.

Historical Migration

Welsh settlers came to New York seeking better agricultural opportunities. Poor harvests in Wales during 1789 and 1802 drove many to seek new lands in America. Over time, these settlers established small farms and maintained their cultural traditions.

John Russell Bartlett noted in his Dictionary of Americanisms that "one may travel for miles (across Oneida County) and hear nothing but the Welsh language." This strong cultural presence helped Welsh immigrants preserve their identity even as they assimilated into American society.

Cultural Landmarks

Oneida County boasts several cultural landmarks that reflect its Welsh heritage:

• Welsh churches: Many of these churches still stand today, serving as historical markers of the Welsh community.
• Welsh festivals: Annual events celebrate Welsh culture, featuring traditional music, dance, and food.
• Historical plaques: Various markers throughout the county commemorate the contributions of Welsh settlers.

Community Gatherings

Community gatherings have always been a cornerstone of Welsh culture in New York. These events include:

• Eisteddfodau: Traditional Welsh festivals of literature, music, and performance.
• Gymanfa Ganu: Hymn-singing festivals that bring the community together in celebration of their heritage.
• St. David's Day: Celebrations on March 1st honor the patron saint of Wales with parades, feasts, and cultural activities.

These gatherings not only preserve Welsh traditions but also strengthen community bonds.

Tracing Welsh influence in New York reveals a rich mix of historical migration, cultural landmarks, and vibrant community gatherings. This legacy continues to shape the identity of Welsh populations in the United States.

Next, we'll investigate Welsh populations in Utah, exploring their cultural integration and community activities.

Investigate Welsh Populations in Utah

Highest Percentage

Utah boasts the highest percentage of Welsh people in the United States, with 1.72% of the population identifying as Welsh. This is a significant concentration compared to other states.

Cultural Integration

Welsh immigrants in Utah have seamlessly integrated into the local culture while preserving their unique heritage. Many Welsh settlers were drawn to Utah during the 19th century, primarily due to the influence of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).

Community Activities

In Utah, Welsh communities actively engage in various cultural activities to keep their traditions alive:

• Eisteddfodau: These are Welsh festivals of literature, music, and performance. Utah hosts local Eisteddfodau where participants showcase their talents in poetry, singing, and storytelling.

• St. David's Day Celebrations: On March 1st, Utah's Welsh communities celebrate St. David's Day with parades, traditional Welsh food, and cultural performances. This day honors the patron saint of Wales and brings the community together.

• Welsh Societies and Clubs: There are several Welsh societies and clubs in Utah that organize regular meetings, cultural events, and educational programs. These societies play a crucial role in maintaining the Welsh heritage and providing a sense of community.

Notable Contributions

The Welsh influence in Utah is evident in various aspects of the state's development. Welsh immigrants contributed significantly to the mining and railroad industries, which were vital to Utah's economic growth in the 19th and early 20th centuries.

By exploring the Welsh populations in Utah, we gain insight into how this community has maintained its cultural identity while contributing to the broader American society.

Next, we'll dig into the statistical overview of Welsh populations in the United States, providing a state-by-state breakdown and census data.

Welsh Populations in the United States: A Statistical Overview

Understanding the distribution of Welsh populations in the United States helps us appreciate their cultural impact. Let's dive into the numbers and see where Welsh communities thrive.

Population Numbers

As of the latest data, there are approximately 1.79 million people in the United States who identify as Welsh. This represents about 0.53% of the total U.S. population.

State-by-State Breakdown

Some states have a higher concentration of Welsh populations than others. Here's a quick snapshot of the top states by percentage and total numbers:

• Utah has the highest percentage of Welsh people at 1.71%, with 58,953 individuals.
• Pennsylvania boasts the largest absolute number of Welsh people, with 147,516 individuals, making up 1.14% of the state's population.
• Ohio, Oregon, and Washington also have significant Welsh communities, with percentages ranging from 0.93% to 0.98%.

Here’s a table for a clearer view:

Census Data

The American Community Survey provides detailed insights into Welsh ancestry across the U.S. According to the 2019 survey, the total Welsh population in the United States is spread unevenly, with notable concentrations in certain states.

For example, Florida has a Welsh population of 97,206, which is 0.42% of its total population. In contrast, states like Rhode Island, Louisiana, and Hawaii have much smaller Welsh communities, each with less than 0.3% of their populations identifying as Welsh.

Key Takeaways

• Utah and Pennsylvania are key states for Welsh populations, both in percentages and absolute numbers.
• Welsh Americans are present in all 50 states, contributing to the cultural fabric of each.
• Understanding these statistics helps in recognizing the diverse ways Welsh heritage influences American society.

Next, we'll explore the vibrant cultural festivals and events that celebrate Welsh heritage in the United States.

Attend Welsh Cultural Festivals and Events

Welsh cultural festivals and events are a fantastic way to experience and celebrate Welsh heritage in the United States. These gatherings bring together communities, offering a blend of music, food, and traditions. Here are some key events to check out:

National Festival of Wales

The National Festival of Wales is held annually in various locations across the country. Organized by the National Welsh Gymanfa Ganu Association, this festival is a cornerstone for Welsh Americans. It features:

• Cultural Seminars: Learn about Welsh history, language, and traditions.
• Marketplace: Shop for Welsh goods, from crafts to books.
• Gymanfa Ganu: Participate in traditional Welsh hymn singing gatherings.

Gymanfa Ganu

A Gymanfa Ganu is a traditional Welsh hymn-singing festival. These events are held in churches and community centers, offering a unique experience of Welsh choral music. The singing is often accompanied by an organ, creating a powerful and moving atmosphere.

"Singing is the heart and soul of Welsh culture," says a participant from a recent Gymanfa Ganu event in Ohio.

Cultural Seminars

Throughout the year, various Welsh societies and organizations host cultural seminars. These seminars cover topics like:

• Welsh Language: Learn basic phrases or dig into the language's history.
• History: Find the stories of Welsh immigrants and their contributions to American society.
• Art and Literature: Explore Welsh poetry, literature, and visual arts.

Community Singing

Beyond the formal events, community singing is a common feature of Welsh gatherings. Whether it's during a festival or a smaller community meeting, singing together helps keep Welsh traditions alive. These events often include:

• Folk Songs: Sing traditional Welsh folk songs that have been passed down through generations.
• Modern Music: Enjoy contemporary Welsh music, blending old and new.

By attending these festivals and events, you can immerse yourself in Welsh culture and connect with others who share your heritage.

Next, we'll explore the rich history and heritage sites that highlight Welsh contributions to American history.

Explore Welsh Heritage Sites and Monuments

Philadelphia City Hall Plaque

One of the most prominent Welsh heritage sites in the United States is the plaque on the east façade of Philadelphia City Hall. This plaque commemorates the significant role the Welsh played in forming the city. The Welsh immigrants were among the early settlers in Pennsylvania, contributing to the city's development and cultural landscape.

Interesting Fact: William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, is believed to have Welsh ancestry, further emphasizing the deep-rooted connection between the Welsh and Philadelphia.

Washington Monument Inscription

Another notable marker of Welsh heritage is found on the Washington Monument in Washington, D.C. The monument includes an inscription dedicated to the Welsh contributions to American independence. This inscription acknowledges the Welsh descent of several signatories of the Declaration of Independence, including William Floyd and Stephen Hopkins.

Quote: "Sixteen of the signatories of the Declaration of Independence were of Welsh descent," highlighting the profound impact Welsh Americans had on the nation's founding.

Historical Markers Across the United States

Welsh contributions are also marked by numerous historical markers scattered across the country. These markers often denote areas of significant Welsh settlement or commemorate notable Welsh Americans. For instance, Jackson County in Ohio, known as Little Wales, has several markers celebrating its Welsh heritage.

Case Study: In Malad City, Idaho, historical markers celebrate the Welsh Mormons who founded the city. These markers provide insights into the religious migration and community-building efforts of the Welsh settlers.

By visiting these heritage sites and monuments, you can gain a deeper understanding of the Welsh influence on American history and appreciate the lasting legacy of Welsh immigrants.

Next, let's dig into the numerous contributions Welsh Americans have made to American history, from the Declaration of Independence to modern-day achievements.

Learn About Welsh Contributions to American History

Welsh Americans have left a significant mark on the history of the United States. From the founding fathers to industrial innovations, their contributions are both profound and enduring.

Signatories of the Declaration of Independence

Did you know that at least 5 signatories of the Declaration of Independence were Welsh or of recent Welsh descent? This includes prominent figures like Thomas Jefferson and John Adams. Their Welsh heritage played a crucial role in shaping the ideals of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness that the United States was founded upon.

US Presidents of Welsh Descent

Over the years, at least 8 US Presidents have had Welsh ancestry. Some notable names include:

• Thomas Jefferson
• John Adams
• John Quincy Adams
• Abraham Lincoln

These leaders not only influenced the political landscape of their time but also carried forward the legacy of their Welsh roots in their leadership and vision for America.

Industrial Contributions

The Welsh were pioneers in several industries that fueled America's growth during the Industrial Revolution. They brought new skills to the coal, steel, and slate industries, significantly impacting American infrastructure and economy.

Interesting Fact: The steel roof structure of the White House was manufactured using Welsh steel from Pontardawe, South Wales, in the late 19th century. This is a testament to the high-quality craftsmanship and industrial expertise that Welsh immigrants brought to America.

Cultural and Historical Markers

Welsh contributions are also etched into American monuments. One of the memorial stones on the Washington Monument is inscribed with the Welsh phrase: “Fy iaith, fy ngwlad, fy nghenedl, Wales – Cymru am byth” (My language, my land, my nation, Wales – Wales forever). This inscription symbolizes the pride and enduring legacy of Welsh culture in the United States.

Population and Cultural Influence

Today, more than 10 million people in the USA have a Welsh surname. This widespread presence underscores the deep-rooted influence of Welsh immigrants and their descendants in American society.

By understanding these contributions, we can appreciate the rich mix of cultures that have shaped the United States. Next, we will answer some frequently asked questions about Welsh populations in the United States.

Frequently Asked Questions about Welsh Populations in the United States

Which US state has the most Welsh people?

Pennsylvania has the largest Welsh population in the United States. With 147,516 individuals identifying as Welsh, this represents 1.14% of the state's population. This significant number is partly due to historical migrations, particularly in the 17th century when Welsh Quakers settled in the area.

How many Welsh live in America?

There are over two million people in the United States with Welsh ancestry. This equates to about 0.6% of the total U.S. population. The Welsh have left a lasting impact on American culture, especially in states like Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Utah.

Where did most Welsh settle in America?

One of the earliest and most notable Welsh settlements in America was the Welsh Tract in Pennsylvania. This area was established by Welsh Quakers who were granted land by William Penn. Early settlers in the Welsh Tract played a crucial role in the development of the region, leaving behind a rich cultural heritage that persists to this day.

The influence of these early Welsh communities is still evident in place names and local traditions, making Pennsylvania a key state for understanding Welsh immigration and its impact on American history.